Disruption and The Shampoo Strategy

Business success is built on what I like to call a Shampoo Strategy. We find a formula, a business model that works, and then we rinse and repeat. It’s the way all wealth is created in the modern economy. We discover a process, service or product which has perpetual demand and we continue to deliver this to the same people again and again and again. The only problem is when to change the formula?

Shampoo Strategies are the type of business outcome any profit centric capitalist should be aiming for. We turn something from an idea into a system which makes money with very few changes to inputs. It’s essentially when we’ve cracked it. Ironically, the Shampoo Strategy is exactly where disruption comes from.

We develop a system which becomes its own thing. It operates on a kind of auto pilot and is highly profitable. Costs continue to go down while margins go up, and we end up serving the system, and losing track of why it worked in the first place. The reason it worked is usually because the formula, the customer and the business model all overlapped in a way that suited the market. But as markets evolve, yesterday’s formula may become less effective, sometimes seemingly overnight. But when we look hard, the signs of deceptive disruption are always there long before that ‘overnight‘ moment.

So what should we do to understand if our formula is about to stop working? Well, it’s rarely one thing on its own, but the way a few things interact. I break them into 3 parts.

The Technology: Questions to ask here include: How the problem gets solved and how can tech change that, reduce costs, or change the method of delivery?

The Business Model: Are people still prepared to pay for what we deliver? Can they serve that need more economically elsewhere? Can we increase our margin or reduce our price with a new emerging technology?

Demand: Is demand for what we do solid, shifting or waning. How can we shift with it? Is the solution just shifting? e.g. digitization of news. Or is the market in perpetual decline? e.g. coal fired power plants.

Finally, how do these three things interact to create a new formula for tomorrow’s rinse and repeat?

The one thing to remember with the Shampoo Strategy is that they never work forever, but new formulas can always be invented. And new formulas only ever get invented by those paying attention to the market, more than they pay attention to what they make or sell.

TV on the slow track

It seems every other day I read another story about mainstream media just not getting the shift we are seeing in the landscape. The most recent example is the idea of international TV programs being fast tracked to Australia. That is, them not waiting to show it in a perceived ‘peak ratings’ period in our country, but just showing it as soon as it is available.

One such program that is touted as being on the ‘fast track’ to Australia is Homeland. A really terrific edgy show which was a ratings boon in Australia for series 1. Channel 10 in Australia screened the first series in January this year to more than 1.2 million viewers. This was 3 months after the USA premier.  Yet the ‘so called’ fast tracked 2nd series averaged a disappointing 630,000 viewers. Some commentators including this one postulated that ‘fast tracking’ doesn’t work. Claiming that ‘downloads are minimal’ ( WTF?) and that it is better to promote heavily and program in a strong period.

It’s clear to me that he doesn’t get it. A few points to note:

  1. Fast tracking should be ‘the next day’. Not 3 weeks after the US shows as channel 10 is doing – way too slow.
  2. The second season rated poorly because people loved the first one and didn’t want to wait.
  3. Fact – second seasons of successful shows have significantly higher download rates than first seasons. #obvious?

I could go on… But the simplest fact of all is this – mainstream media are still serving their model, not the model the customer want. This is why successful businesses of yesteryear rarely survive a technology disruption as a front runner.

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Why e-Commerce is different

At first we got confused about how to make money out of the internet. We thought we should be able to demand payment. Silly us, we forgot about the first lesson in economics – that pesky demand and supply. Supply doesn’t automatically equal demand – especially financial demand. On the internet things work in reverse. First value must be created, then it is extracted. It’s the opposite to the previous industrial world of buying and selling.

Now it’s proving, then earning.

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Value creation & extraction

The web has changed business models so much, it’s hard to know where to start when discussing the implications of revenue streams.

In the past I’ve been very clear on my views about Free – it is not a business model. It’s a sampling campaign, or a related revenue strategy. But in truth, the methods for extracting revenue are being totally reinvented by the web. Given the cost of producing everything from flat screens, the flat pack furniture to microchips is in a state of rapid deflation means we need to reconsider the revenue equation – or more appropriately, the timing of the revenue.

For a business to survive, revenue must be extracted.

But before revenue can be extracted, value must be created.

When creating web based startups it is very hard to create value, until we have large numbers of participants (espoecially if we are not selling physical or virtual goods). The way to get large numbers of participants is the reduce the barriers to usage and entry. And the best way to reduce the barriers to entry, is to reduce the price, or even remove it entirely in the short term.

So when thinking of pricing models we need to forget about the price and start thinking about value. It isn’t until we have created value, that we will be able to extract it. So the real question is not ‘what to charge’, but has value been created yet?

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Bees can't fly

A popular story in science folklore is that the aerodynamics of bees suggest that they should not be able to fly. It was hotly debated in at a time when human flight via aircraft was being mastered (around the 1930’s). Because physicists and aerodynamic specialists had started to develop theory of ‘predictable flight’ with machinery, they believed their knowledge applied to all forms of flight.

(Hand drawn by Sarah Cameron)

Of course bees do fly. A bee is very small. And, at that size, air acts as a much more viscous fluid than it does for airplanes and helicopters. So the laws of aerodynamics are quite different for bees and other insects. But it took some time before this was understood and that new theoretical models were developed relative to the size of the thing of flight.

The point for entrepreneurs is important, especially at a time when technology is challenging existing business models. So the next time someone tries to put the kybosh on your new idea or startup remember that based on yesterdays knowledge, bees can’t fly.

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And now it’s in print

I caught up with all round good guy Ned Dwyer yesterday. We chatted about many things, of which the top of the list was the recent launch of “And now it’s in print.” A project Ned is heavily involved with. Let me just say this. It’s one of my favourite startups this year. The world over. For many reasons, but here’s one:

I asked Ned what the business model was, and this was his reply:

“It’s too important to have a business model. We decided instead to just make something awesome and see what happens”

That’s it my friends, the startup ethic we all need to aspire to. Doing it because it matters.

A couple of other smart ideas entrepreneurs can take note of.

– They limited their production run to 500 copies (invent demand through limiting supply)

– All the articles and visuals are from content they found on line (blending off line & on line worlds)

– The idea was borrowed from South by Southwest (share ideas, re-interpret)

– They proved print can still be awesome. (Print isn’t dead, print industry management is brain dead)

– They set themselves an impossible launch deadline, and made it. (Don’t think too much, get it out there)

Kudos from me.

Some fun pics from the launch here. More info here: andnowitsinprint.com

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Startup Survival

In nature, with every second something lives for, it’s probability of continued life increases exponentially.

The lessons for startups is simple, do the stuff that keeps you alive longest. And the most important thing we can do for our startup is keep our costs low. Low cost operations gives us the advantage of time. And time is the most important asset when it comes to working out our business model. Not capital, not technology, not employees, not research. Just time.

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